Description
AOD-9604 β Advanced Biochemical Mechanism & Signaling Profile
Fragment 177-191 of Human Growth Hormone (hGH)
AOD-9604 is a synthetic peptide corresponding to the C-terminal 15βamino-acid region (177-191) of human growth hormone. In research models, this fragment retains a subset of hGHβs metabolic signaling properties without activating the classical growth hormone receptor (GHR), making it useful for studying metabolic pathways independent of IGF-1βmediated growth signaling.
β Primary Pathway: Lipolytic & Metabolic Signaling
Unlike full-length hGH, AOD-9604 does not induce IGF-1 production via JAK2/STAT5 activation.
Instead, in in-vitro research, AOD-9604 is investigated for:
-
Enhanced lipolytic enzyme activity
-
Fatty-acid mobilization
-
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling
-
cAMP-dependent pathways
Research indicates AOD-9604 can modulate HSL (hormone-sensitive lipase) and ATGL (adipose triglyceride lipase)βtwo core enzymes regulating triglyceride breakdown.
β Enzymes & Metabolic Targets Examined
| Target | Research Activity |
|---|---|
| HSL (Hormone-Sensitive Lipase) | Triglyceride β diglyceride conversion |
| ATGL | Initial hydrolysis of stored triglycerides |
| CPT-1 | Fatty-acid transport into mitochondria |
| ACC (Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase) | Inactivated when AMPK is active β increased Ξ²-oxidation |
| AMPK | Energy-sensing enzyme that shifts metabolism toward fat oxidation |
Research models demonstrate increased phosphorylation of AMPK and decreased activity of ACC, promoting mitochondrial fatty-acid entry and Ξ²-oxidation.
β Signaling Cascades & Second Messengers
In adipocyte and metabolic studies, AOD-9604 has been associated with:
-
β cAMP accumulation
-
PKA activation
-
AMPK phosphorylation
-
Increased mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation
These pathways bypass full hGH receptor activation, offering a tool to study selective metabolic signaling without inducing growth-related JAK/STAT pathways.
β Downstream Gene & Transcriptional Targets
Research interest has focused on changes in transcription factors and metabolic genes such as:
-
PGC-1Ξ± β mitochondrial biogenesis regulator
-
CPT1A / CPT1B β fatty-acid transport genes
-
ACOX1, ACADs β peroxisomal and mitochondrial Ξ²-oxidation
-
PPAR-Ξ± and PPAR-Ξ΄ β lipid-metabolism nuclear receptors
-
UCPs (uncoupling proteins) β thermogenic and oxidative capacity genes
These are investigated for their role in shifting metabolism toward fatty-acid utilization.
β Why AOD-9604 Is Distinct From hGH
| Property | hGH | AOD-9604 |
|---|---|---|
| Binds Growth Hormone Receptor | β Yes | β Not observed |
| Activates JAK2/STAT5 β IGF-1 | β Yes | β Not observed |
| Metabolic / Lipolytic Signaling | β Yes | β Yes |
| Research Focus | Growth & metabolism | Selective metabolism only |
This distinction makes AOD-9604 valuable for non-IGF-1-mediated metabolic studies.
Research-Only Classification
AOD-9604 is supplied strictly for in-vitro laboratory and scientific research.
It is not a drug, supplement, therapy, or diagnostic agent, and is not approved for human or animal use.




